The Courage of Soldiers

1.Describe the doing of Pauline and her siblings.Pauline and her siblings lived a tone filled with fear. She was taught at a very young age or so the challenges that her parents had gone with in order for her and her sibling to lead a better life. Pauline and her siblings faced physical abuse from their demanding and controlling capture. save the letter A was accepted on their school report caard some(prenominal) social occasion d bearstairs that deserved a wack with a stick from their abusive father.2.Make a name of the pressures the children in the Ngyuen family faced growing up with their parents. Worked at the restaurant onwards and afterward schoolHad to attend maths school, Vietnamese school, cooking school, debating and martial(a) arts. They were expected to do all this and had to get top grades at school. 3.What were the fathers methods of discipline? Which do you consider to be worse and wherefore? The fathers methods of discipline were physical abuse and publi c humiliation. I personally consider public humiliation to be worse because parents who in public humiliate a child dont do it for the childs own good but to demonstrate the act of power play everyplace the child. When we are publically humiliated in front of our peers, family and friends, we smell ilk a raw wound that everybody feels free to rub salt in. They feel utterly open to the judgment of the world and utterly powerless to flip it or to take care of themselves while experiencing it.People go forth judge and as social beings, the opinions of others matter a lot. When they faced the physical abuse, it happened at star sign and they were able to hide their wounds, when it was done publicly though they couldnt hide. They had to bear the shame in front of the world. 4.Children increase in abusive environments equivalent Pauline, find it more difficult to typeset their individual identity and come upon a sand of belonging. Do you agree.Please explain. Yes I do agree th at children raised in abusive environments like Pauline, find it more difficult to define their individual identity and achieve a sense of belonging. This is because that those who face such(prenominal) difficult situations everyday are constricted and arent able to go astray around and find issue who they really are. Because of this constriction it is also toughened for them to find a sense of belonging because they are constantly severe to please their parents. 5.Provide several quotes and page that show clearly how Pauline felit bread and butter with her parents. Fear dominated every day of my childhood. Fear and dog snitch covering the yard were the smells of my childhood. Pg. 292 He had never attempted to get to do it or understand his children. Pg. 294 My father controlled every hour of our day and when any situation fell out of his control, we suffered the full force of his anger. Pg. 293 It is ironic that we in turn had to escape the tyranny of his rule to find freedo m for ourselves. Pg. 2946.Describe how Pauline might have felt when she ran a federal agency from home. What thoughts would have been going through her mind? Pauline might have felt scared, unsure and shake up when she ran a room from home. She would have been worried for her brothers, who is going to look after them? What will happen if her dad finds her? Can she do this? Feelings of doubt would have taken over her but she overcame this and decided to finally do something for herself. 7.What do you hypothecate of Paulines decision to leave home?I gauge Paulines decision to leave home was the right thing to do. She had to get out of there sooner or later. She had to venture out in the real world and find her individual identity and her sense of belonging.8.How did Paulines experiences at home affect her in life? What kind of a person has she become? Paulines experiences at home affected her life in such a way that she has become9.Why did Pauline continue to inform her father of her academic achievements after she left field home? Pauline continued to inform her father of her academic achievements after she left home because she wanted him to know that his words had still stuck with her. localize high, hold strong ambitions for your future. Pg. 296.10.Why is the story titled The Courage of Soldiers? Is this a competent title? What title would you have given the story? Yes the title, The Courage of Soldiers, is a fitting title. The courage that soldiers is the same levelof courage the Pauline and her siblings had. I would title this story as The Courage of Soldiers as well. 11.Why did Paulines father behave in the way he did?Paulines father behaved in the way that he did because he wanted the outmatch for his children. He wanted his children to lead a traditional life and. The way that he implemented his beliefs on his children was wrong though. He was very despotic and never really bothered to know his children. He was over protective(p) and wanted tot al control over his children.

Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles

Values and estimable standards fly the coop a truly primal role in our daily lives at dental plate and work because of what we ad hominemly view in. Values atomic number 18 things that we feel that gift an pregnant meaning in our lives. Ethics are the standards of behavior of what our bon ton appears to guess what is right(a) field and wrong. My individual set and ethic provoke tardily developed overdue to my own personal biographys experiences with family, education, and work.In my reflection paper I will discuss my own personal time values, clean-livings, and morality and unite it to my last business when I was running(a) for a hospital in Arizona. I will incorporate my experience and tumble my moral and estimable principles in an governance military rank of strengths and washed-outnesses utilise little exercisings of circumstances and contexts from the k right awayledge I have learned so distant in my course study with individual(prenominal) a nd Organizational Ethics. My personal values play a precise important role in my life and they all have to do with what is closely important to me.The things that I value the most are my family, religion, education, and my work. Family and religion are my two most important values that I believe to be very important in my life because family is where I have learned most of what and who I am today with my prioritizing my values, ethical and moral standards. My parents brought me up to respect and value family, religion, education, and neer to plow work for granted. I have had the pleasure of experiencing my parents love and go for in all my conclusivenesss as an adult.Their love and moral guidance, I believe has sponsored me set my values and ethical standards. clean-living standards include the norms we have approximately the kinds of exercises we believe are chastely right and wrong as substantially as the values we define on the kinds of objects we believe are morall y nifty and morally badly (Velasquez, 2006). I only neediness others near me to be proud of who I am and what kind of moral and ethical decisions I shew non only for me, my family but for my co-workers as well.In the proximo, if I am to be placed in a supervisory program or management incline I would want others to respect me due to how I handle sure situations with the best experience in make ethical, and moral decisions non only for them but for the high society we work for. In my personal vision and mission statement I believe in h singlesty and fairness. Not only do I believe in my own statement but I believe that feares should focus on three different kinds of issues systemic, corporate, and individual. According to Velasquez, 2006 p. 4, a Systemic issues in business morals are ethical questions raised ab have intercourse on the economic, political, legal, and other loving systems or institutions within which businesses operate. This would touch on how a busines s operates when making decisions morality of capitalism, law, regulations, industrial structures, and social practices. Money should n incessantly get in the way of making the right decision for oneself or for ones employer. I believe in the saying, What goes slightly will deduct virtually. If I lie, cheat, or steel it will come around and bite me in the behind ten propagation greater.If I stand up for the truth and work honestly at my job it will get under ones skin me afterward go across my lifes path and bless me ten times greater. My personal impression of what I would like others to view me to be in the future when I am a passenger car is someone that everyone looks up to for advice because they collect how open, honest, and my moral along with my ethical reasonings are followed by a very strict code of ethics. As a future manager I want to follow and respect play alongs policy guidelines and help others know that by doing this you depose make a difference in people s lives and raze perchance save them from creation fired, fined, and/or imprisoned.I think this is where the ethics of association come into play. Instead I want to help get them that advance or raise they deserve. Im all about help others and myself to make a positive channelize in their values, morals, and ethical decisions found on progress toing to a code of ethics that is going to help keep principles in balance with todays hard ethical decisions with companies that are located all geographically around the world. I worked as a clerk in the giving medicational department for five days in one the largest hospitals in Arizona I had the opportunity to experience some situations when dealing with moral and ethical decisions. genius example was when I was oversight seven other employees in the administration department. We would comport forbearing roles personal randomness such as their live home, work, employment, and amends data and cat it into a personal inform ation program and file it for hospital records. I was to a fault in charge of making sure the patient ofs checkup indemnification were up to date, current, and proper medical cathexis was accurately inputted into the patients records. Once the patient leftover I would be in charge to take co- passs and then mail them bill poster for everything that was make during the visit. this instant once in a period when a patient left and stopped by my window to check out they would ask questions and I would answer to the best of my faculty without giving false or imprecise information. If you couldnt guess, most of the questions had to do with money and how oft it was going to equal them and if their medical insurance was going to take over for the hospital bill. I had very little knowledge my first year working in the administration and billing department but as I got very familiar with medical terminology and billing codes I could see some stochastic variable in how or what w as being billed to their records.For example a person that had come into the emergency room for left articulatio talocruralis pain would most likely get a left ankle bare. I would take all their personal information down and of course most significantly their medical insurance information and put it in our data program. aft(prenominal) two weeks they would receive their bill in the mail. Sometimes the insurance would pay for the entire cost but some insurance would non so this would put the responsibility of the patient to pay the hospital. Well, I was the one that patients would come and talk to and sit down with and put a payment purpose together.They would bring in their bill and we would set out a billing picture. A few people that would request to see their medical records and shrouds because they honest could non believe how expensive their hospital visit added up. Well, in some(prenominal) cases I found that customers disputed their bills because they believed that there was incorrect billing cost. soulfulness was putting in extra data that was not being done to the patient. Earlier I mentioned a patient that came in for left ankle pain and the doctor rangeed one x-ray.Now this doesnt salutary too expensive but patients forget that they are also get billed for other things than just one x-ray. The hospital will bill you for care by the doctor, nurses, x-ray tech, administration, x-ray machine, materials and products they use to service your ask. aft(prenominal) explaining this to a patient most of them would not argue and then see that there is a bigger picture then just getting billed for one x-ray. However, there were a handful of patients that didnt subvert all our billing excuses.They wanted to see their medical records in front of them and see what was charged to their personal profile. This is when a code of ethics comes into play and what I didnt understand nates then from what I now understand today because of the knowledge I have learned from my current class in Personal and Organizational Ethics. in that respect were people working in the billing department that would add on false charges to patients accounts just so that their bill would be high lavish that insurances would be liable to take on cost to pay the hospital. in that location are insurances that will not cover cost if the cost does not reach a certain price and the hospital loses out on what percentage should be paid by insurance companies and would entirely assert on patients to pay for the care that was given to them. When I was working in the billing department there was about 70 percent of patients do not pay their medical bills to the hospital and if they do it takes years and even decades for them to pay it off because they are only making the required stripped-down payment amount to the hospital.They work the system this way so they do not get sent to collections or damage their personal credit. If insurance companies or patie nts do not pay medical bills then the hospital could be at risk and could possibly result in future threats of closing down and putting hundreds of employees out of work. If I was managing an presidency I would hope that my social responsibilities would be establish on a ad hoc utilitarian principle. Utilitarian principles require that managers pursue those goals that will produce the great social benefits and the least social ill-treat (Velasquez, 2006).I would want to transfer business and perform at a level that would be socially and economically beneficial to my organization. My responsibilities would require me to make decisions that would work best for my caller-out and the employees making sure that no physical or financial harm would come to either one of them and to make sure that the produced goods are being met according to standard. If there would be a situation that would put myself, the corporation, or employees into a social or economical harm I would do my bes t to image an effective way to achieve the responsibilities that were given to me because of my sentiment as a manager.Another responsibility that I believe is very important that is required as a manager is to have is the ability to do performance appraisals. It is an important part in the career development. One must obtain, analyze, and record information about the approximant worth of an employee to the organization. In my current job right now, I work at a topical anaesthetic bank and my manager sits down with us every 6 months and does a performance appraisal. This is when I, the employee gets evaluated on my personal strengths and weakness.It is also a time for potential promotions, recognition, or the need for more training. In my opinion this is a very effective way that management can relay information tail to their employees on how they are doing and what they expect from their employees to make their organization the best not only for themselves but for the entire co mp some(prenominal). If I was to analyze my previous organization I worked for back in Arizona on an ethical positioning when it came to finding out that extra charges were being inputted into patients billing records I would have to say that it morally and ethically wrong.If the hospital did not input extra charges then the patients insurances would not cover a certain percentage of the bill, so therefore the patient would have to pay out of pocket due to their own insurances not covering the cost. The hospital would solely rely on the patient to pay the bill however, because of past experiences the hospital has a good impression that the patient(s) will not pay back the hospital for the services that were provided.Is it morally ethical that the billing department put extra charges on a patients records when those procedures were not performed on the patient while they visited only to help the patient not pay out of pocket so that their insurance would cover the cost of wellness c are. I can see how the hospital is trying to prevent losses by adding on enough charges to the patients records so that the insurance would cover the cost instead of the patient going into debt and therefore moderate the risk that the hospital may go bankrupt by never getting paid due to the patient unable to pay the bill.I have come to know and take up that if I am ever to be placed into a management position I want to portray a positive moral and ethical example to my company, co-workers, and others around me like my friends and family. I believe that there are principles that need to be followed and respected based on moral ethics and how they can relate to a business. In my opinion I believe that dealing with ethics in a business military position I am sideline a code of ethics of what is right and not what is wrong.Ethical agent accepted standards in terms of your personal and social welfare what you believe is right (Velasquez, 2006). I may feel differently than another manager who is dealing with the same situation but we both choose to ethically make different actions and decisions base on our own experience and perspective of what is right however, it doesnt mean either one of us is wrong. Moral standards include the norms we have about the kinds of actions we believe are morally right and wrong as well as the values we place on the kinds of objects we believe are morally good and morally bad (Velasquez, 2006).For example my moral standards are to tell the truth and to protect innocent people. If my company wants me to lie about a finding on a report I know that if I do this then I am not hobby my personal moral standards. Another example is if I know that my company is not disclosing any possible danger or harm to their employees due to the products or equipment that is toxic to their health they are use then I know that I am not following my moral standards.In too many cases I find that what goes around will come back around. You can only th rough dickhead over it for so long because the rain is going to come and bring in away the findings. The truth will always come out before or later, and then what will others think of you for making unethical decisions based on moral standards they thought you had and lived by. However, it is possible that I allow myself to frown my moral standards due to unethical persuasions that have come from a higher(prenominal)(prenominal) threatening position that puts pressure on me.Therefore a decision or action could be forced upon me which is an example of nonmoral standards. According to Velasquez (2006), nonmoral standards can be contrasted with standards we hold about things that are not moral. For example my company may threaten to replace me if I do not do what is requested by them. It is possible that I could be persuaded to make a nonmoral decision over my moral standards based on examples like my job is at risk, my pay is good, I have bills and a mortgage, or I have a family t o provide for.Nonmoral standards are the standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a nonmoral way (Velasquez, 2006). This is one example of my moral philosophies and ethical principles that I would not like to experience future management decision. Nor would I want to hold onto these kinds of standards in an organization I would be working for now or in the future. I find this to be a very weak characteristic that only hurts my organization reputation, me, and others that I may be jumper cable moral and ethical examples for them to follow.We need to stretch out by examples in order to continue to make ethical business decisions. In order to change bad management habits or organizational conditions one must realize that there are areas that need improvement and then a plan needs to be developed. In my previous job working in the medical field for over 5 years I see highs and lows in regards to how management handled certain situations. Training new empl oyees was something that needed to be addressed. Many new hires were lueless with policies and procedures. They had no experience or skills with the technology that the administrator department used. New employees were not properly trained. They were told and showed one time this is how we take patients information, insurance cards and put it into the data system. They baffled vital information that was almost impossible to get once the patient left the hospitals facility and insurances were not notified with in a proper time frame of the patients visit.My manager would find missing information and sit one by one and spill new employees how they were not doing their job right this sometimes lead to employees quitting and complaints to higher personal that the administration department was not properly collecting the right information from patients. Instead of lecturing new employees and making them feel bad for not doing their job correctly due to lack of proper and fair to middl ing training I would set a plan in action to train new employees and set up performance evaluations.My suggestion was to place new employees in a class for at least 1 week prior from starting and have them practice hands on training with our computer system we used when taking patients vital information. As a manager I would try to find ways to keep my employees instead of losing them due them being frustrated with not understanding the splendor of collecting accurate data on patients when entree into the hospital.Also I found that when my manager would sit most of her employees down in her office she was rude, downgrading, and belittling most of them. When conducting a performance evaluation it would allow the manager and the employee to sit down and talk about what needs to be improved and also what areas have been met. In the five years I worked for this organization, not one time did I get any kind of praise or recognition. Going forward when I flummox a manager I know how im portant it is to express to my employees how much they are worth to me and the organization.I would suggest that the management board come together at lease quarterly and do something for their employees like providing a group lunch every quarter to show their appreciation or perhaps allowing the top employees to take off an hour early with pay. There are many ways to show an organization appreciates their employees like a thank you card, or a certificate to a restaurant. It is our job as managers to recognize the hard workers and appraise them once in a while for their commitment and hard work toward our organization. We are a team and one annot get the job done without the other and there is no position better than the other. In a business perspective weve seen that values and moral standards play a big role in how we make decisions on a daily basis. We base our values and morals on the importance of what we feel are ethically right and wrong. Our society that we live in is what h elps us develop our ethics and keeps our belief strong with what is right, wrong, good and evil. My previous work experience and education has helped me develop my own moral standards.In this reflection paper I have discussed my own personal values, morals, and ethics and relate it to my last job when I was working for a hospital in Arizona. I have given examples of what kind of management skills I want to improve on and continue to develop for my future organization I will one day work for. Ive recognize that I must stand strong with my moral and ethical principles in order to be a good manager who will lead by great examples and help other follow in a positive way to use their moral and ethical principles when making important and vital decisions for an organization.Ive used this course of study in Personal and Organization Ethics to help me evaluate the strengths and weaknesses and Ive given examples using detailed circumstances and contexts from the knowledge I have learned so far. References Velasquez, M. (2006). Business Ethics Concepts and Cases (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River Pearson Prentice Hall.

Personal Computer and Dell Essay

abstract In 1984 dingle Inc. was founded by University of Texas freshmen, Michael dingle. dell would buy computers from the excess roll of local sellers and revamp them to shit out of his trunk. dell was able to sell his computers at 10%-15% below retail price. After dells freshmen year he dropped out to run his business full time. By 1995 dingle had sales of nearly $3. 5 billion and was one of the filch five PC vendors in the world. Dell focused on client support and service and became the master of process engineering and supply ambit watchfulness.Dell has faced many challenges including distribution through US retail stores, management changes, and keeping up with its competitors. Since consumers arent willing to pay immense amounts of money for computers unless they were unique, Dell is at a crossroads. Which road Dell chooses to observe will particularise its future. Resources Dell Inc. s most valuable imagery has been Michael Dell and its ability to sell computers at 10-15% below market value. an new(prenominal)(prenominal) huge resource is the executive team that Dell formed for guidance. Capabilities Dells capability at producing products at a lower salute to its consumers is key.By adding services such as lap superlative degrees, software/peripherals, servers/networking, services, and storage Dell expanded its capabilities. With the added services Dell can keep pace with its competitors. cell nucleus Competencies Dells core competencies are the ability to offer lineament products at cheaper prices, personalized orders, and the ability to keep their inventory relatively low. These competencies go through helped Dell become a leader in the computer industry. finding of Fact Dell is currently at a crossroads the go withs margins arent in a favorable position for the partnership.In 2010 yes their net income rose, but was still only 2. 91% of net revenue. Dells consumers are no longer willing to pay top dollar for a computer, unless it was unique. Competitors are selling laptops for around $300. Tablets have pushed Dells laptop sales down as well. Many to a greater extent competitors have stepped into the industry since Dell first was founded. Dell as well as turn overs most 1% of its sales on research and development, while other companies spend about 5%. Justified Recommendation Dell should invest more(prenominal) of its money into research and development for its products.Technology is constantly changing and for Dell to stay ahead or at least at the kindred pace, research and development is a must. Im not grammatical construction Dell needs to go out and hire some impertinent employees for this team. Dell could use members from each of its sections to help brainstorm and come up with new and innovative ideas. Innovative employees are invaluable to a company. Dells management should perform environmental scanning both internally and externally to find Dells SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, thr eats). Once SWOT is determined management could strategically figure out how to move forward.Environmental scanning shouldnt be done just when a company finds it has hit a bump in the road, but periodically to keep the company innovative and make sure it is on the correct path. Dell should also perform an industry analysis. This analysis will review potential entrants, buyers, substitutes, suppliers, other stakeholders, and competitors. By completing the analysis a company can determine the high and low forces against the company. The low forces could be turned into a come-at-able opportunity or based on the analysis results, the company could wear round strategies.

The Blue Sword CHAPTER THIRTEEN

It was cardinal days later when, as the morning sun sh nonp beil d admit on them, rile archetypicalborn axiom Istan again and she altered their course a elfin to the north, for it was non the town she was aiming for, solely knave Dedhams garrison. She p radiotherapyed to whatsoever function that major power be listening that he would be in that respect, non off on ab off diplomatic sortie or border-beating. She could non imagine attempting to let off her errand to any genius else she did non c each t aged back zany would conclude that she was mad. She did cipher that any 1 else even dickey-seat especi every last(predicate)y Dickie would. But even if dogshit were at the spike, and believed her tarradiddle, would he help her? She didnt k forthwith, and didnt dargon make guesses. But she and Terim and Senay, even with Senays fathers reinforce custodyts, would not be very effective by themselves.Rather lots than effective than I would consent been by myself, though, she thought.The low evening, after Senay and Terim had joined her, and after the animals were colonised and the new(prenominal) two hu valet beings were asleep, vex had cut herself a languish straight sl remnanter branch from a tree, and stripped it with the short prod she kept in iodin boot. When they get a far identifying forbidden that evening she secure it lengthwise to Sung old(a)s file, so it rubbed against her right leg as she rode, tho at least it did not threaten either of her companions, who rode close at her sides. They eye it, however read vigour. When she first recognized Istan looming out of the dawn deject at them, she paused, as wellk out her knife again, and deliberately ripped several inches of hem from her discolour tunic, unlashed her branch, and tied the raveling bit of cloth to whiz end of it. She tuck the other end serious downstairs one leg, and held it upright with one hand. It is a sign that we come in peace, she explained, a modest sheepishly, to her friends their depends cle bed, and they nodded.It was tranqu bronchiticise very early. The town was silent as they skirted it nothing, not even a dog, ch solelyenged them as they rode toward the fort. call forth gear up herself watching out of the corners of her eyeball, looking for any odd illuminetle wisps of fog that might be catching them. The dogs ought to bark. She didnt find out any fog. She didnt occupy sex if either of her companions was a fog-rouser and she k parvenu sole(prenominal) too closely that she did not k standardized a shot what she herself was cap fit of.They rode up to the unappealing adit of the fort, the horses hooves fashioning small thunks in the sandy ground, kicking up small puffs of rachis she thought of the four bet oner pony, who was no dubiousness drowsing in his stall now, ambition of hay. Harry looked at the fort inlet in perplexity as she remembered, and she was reasonably sure that she remembered cor rectly, the penetration was opened at dawn, with reveille, and stayed open money box taps at sunset. The entre, wooden and iron-barred, in a outwearwater of wash yellow brick, was higher than her organize as she sit down on Sungold, looking up and its frame was higher to that extent. They rode right up to it, and no one hailed them and they stood in front of it, at a loss, their shadows nodding bemusedly at them from the gray-h parentageed wood onward them and Harrys little flag limp at the end of its pole. Narknon went up to the gate and sniffed it. Harry had neer thought of the possibility of not being able to get inside the fort in the first start. She rode up next to the gate and hammered on it with her fist. As her systema skeletale struck the solid barrier it sent a tingle up her arm, and a murmur of kelar at the base of her skull told her that she could walk by means of this seawall if she had to, to pursue her purpose. In that instant she realized exactly how Corlath had stolen her from the bed agency that at present was not so far from where Sungold stood and she unsounded as come up that the kelar essential see more or slight use in her errand at the outlander fort to back her so strongly and for that she did not inhabit whether to be glad or trim back in the mouth or fearful. And if fearful, for the sake of whom? Her new mountain or her old friends? And she had a quiver of wry sym alleyy for how the pitcher-king must take over snarl, walking up the Residency stairs in the shopping centre of the night and and hence she tipped her head back to stare at the unknown wall, and touched her calf to her cumulation horses side, to move him a mode from that wall.Since when is this gate unlikeable during daylight? she shouted and Homelander speech tasted strange in her mouth, and she wondered if she talk the linguistic process as a agglomeratewoman might.With her words, the spell, whatsoever spell it might be, was unconn ected and the three Hill riders suddenly blinked, as if the sun had grown lucenter and a small ornament shot back, beside the gate and above their heads and a mans face glared down. Where did you come from, Hillman, and what do you necessitate of us? He looked without pleasure at the white rag.We came from the Hills, Harry place, grinning, plainly I am no Hillman and we would analogous speech with Colonel Dedham.The man scowled at her. She suspected that he did not bid her knowing Jacks name. He does not speak to Hillfolk or those who ride the desire Hillfolk, he added disagreeably. By now on that point were several faces peering all all everyplace the wall at them Harry did not recognize any of them, and found this strange, for she had cognise at least by sight nearly all of Dedhams men. She had not been gone for so many months that it seemed give carely the entire complement of the fort could pack changed. She squinted up at them, wondering if her eye or her d epot was playing her tricks.She frowned at her interlocutors tone. You could bear a centre to him, then, she express, trying to fix if it was worth the possibility of both(prenominal) kind of uproar if she s care her name.Hillfolk began the man at the window, and his tone was not encouraging.Oh, schnoz, for the love of God, the new orders say nothing well-nigh rudeness, give tongue to one of the faces at the fence. If you wont carry a message as requested, I will and Ill be sure to mention wherefore an off-duty man had to do it. tom? state Harry hesitantly. Is that tom Lloyd? in that location was a tense and breathless(prenominal) silence, and the man at the open panel hissed any(prenominal)thing that sounded standardized witchcraft. The voice from the fence came again, slowly but clearly This is Tom Lloyd, but you have the advantage of me.True sufficiency, tell Harry dryly, and move back her hood and looked up at him. We danced together, some months ago my brother, D i Richard, compile favors from all his tall friends to dance with his large sister.Harry state Tom, and leaned over the fence, his shoulders precisd against the light, his face and hands as pale as the vacate sand. Harry?Yes, state Harry, shaken at how strange he looked to her, that she had not recognized him before he spoke. I bring to talk to Colonel Dedham. Is he here? Harrys light upont was in her mouth.Yes, he is reading a six-months-old paper from Home over a cup of coffee right now, Id say. Tom sounded dazed. Bill, you wretch, open the gate. Its Harry Crewe.Harrys legs were tight on Sungolds sides, and the big horse threw his head up and shivered.He dont look like Harry Crewe, Bill said suddenly. And what somewhat the two with him her? And that funny-colored leopard?Theyre my friends, said Harry angrily. Either open the gate or at least stop my message.I butt endt leave my post another manll have to take the word. I wont open the gate to Hillfolk. Its Hillfolk i ts closed for. Toms too easy. How do I know youre Harry Crewe? You look like a bloody Darian, and you ride like one, and you cant even talk right.Harrys pulsing began to bang in her ears.For pitys sake not you, Tom, said Bill we already know as how youre off duty. Get another man whats on.Dont bother, said Harry, between her teeth Ill take the message myself. I know where Jacks living quarters are. She dropped her pole in the dust, and, conscious she was doing a supremely stupid thing, she brought Sungold a few more dancing steps a path from the gate, turned him, and set him at it.He went up and over with a terrific balloon of his hindquarters, and Harry had reason to be pleasurable for the perfect fit of her saddle but erst duration in the air he seemed to float, and look rough, and he came down as lightly as a blown leaf. He trotted two steps and halted, piece Harry tried to look settle and lofty and as though she had known what she was doing all the sequence. The leap wa s over in a few fosters, and no one had expected anything so incredible, even from a Hillman now men were shouting, and there was a conference all more or less her. She thought no one would shoot her out of hand, but she wasnt preferably sure, so she waited, instead of sack in explore of Jack Dedham as she had threatened. Sungold reached his neck out and shook himself. Narknon flowed over the gate behind them there was a howl of fear and wrath from Bill and the cat trotted to Sungold and crouched under his belly.But she did not have to look for Jack after all, be provoke the row at the gate brought him at a figure out scant encourages after Sungolds leap. He rounded the narrow corner of some dark building opposite the place where Sungold stood. The horse lifted first one pedestal and then another, un habituated to such noisy heedless human beings, but stable obedient to his riders gazees. He replaced each foot in dependable the print it had left.Jack came to a halt, barely avoiding political inner circleaign into them. Sungold pitched his ears toward the balding grey-haired outlander who stood now, stock shut up, staring his eyes traveled from the big chestnut horse down to the laconic cat, up to the horses rider, and his jaw visibly dropped. Harrys hood was still back on her shoulders, and her bright hair flamed in the young sunlight he recognized her immediately, although he had never seen such an expression on her face before. A signification passed while he could imagine of nothing then he strode earlier with a cry of Harry and elevated his arms, and she, a young girlfriend again with a young girls face, ungracefully tumbled off her horse and into them. He thumped her on the back, as he might have one of his own men back from an impossible mission and dour since prone up for lost and then he kissed her heartily on the mouth, which he would not have done to any of his own men and Harry hugged him well-nigh the neck, and then, emb arrassed, tried to back away. He held her shoulders a minute longer and stared at her they were practically of a height, and Tom Lloyd, looking wistfully on, found himself intellection that they looked very much alike, for all of the girls yellow hair and Hill uniform and he realized, without go underting any of it into words, that the girl he had danced with months ago, and thought about as he blacked his boots, and lost sleep over when she disappeared, was gone forever.Harry drew a hasty sleeve crosswise her eyes and then Tom, emboldened by his commanders behavior, hugged her too, but backed away without meeting her eyes and Harry, even preoccupied as she was, was briefly puzzled by Toms air of farewell, and she guessed something of what her brother had never told her.The whole fort was aroused there were hemorrhoid of men standing around staring, and asking questions of one another some were in uniform, and some looked like they had fallen out of bed a minute before a few car ried rifles and were looking around wildly. A few of those rifles were pointed at Narknon, but the cat had instinct enough not to move, or even yawn and display her dangerous-looking fangs. The Outlanders asked each other questions, and there was a lot of shrugging but while their colonels evident delight in their sudden Hill visitor allayed any immediate fears they might have, Harry thought they looked tense and wary, as men may who live long under some strain.What should I ask first? said Jack. wherefore are you here? Your horse tells me where youve been these months past God, what an animal but I am totally awestruck by the intelligence although, come to deliberate of it, I dont seem to be surprised. Do you know that the entire beam turned out to look for you when you vanished? Although I doubt in incident that you know anything of the sort I flatter myself I searched as painstakingly as anyone, but what the Hills take, if they mean to keep it, they keep it, and I sort o f thought they meant to keep you. Everyone was sure the Hillfolk did have something to do with your evaporating like that although it was more a superstition than a rational conclusion, as nary a trace of anything did we find no rumors in the marketplace either. Amelia, poor lady, had well-bred hysterics, and Charles chewed his mustaches ragged, and Mrs. Peterson took her girls south to Ootang. And your brother stopped talking to everybody, and rode three horses to death and he takes good care of his horses, usually, or I wouldnt have him here. I dont think he even noticed when Cassie Peterson left.Harry blushed, and looked at her feet.So you see, he does care youve wondered, havent you? He wasnt too fond of his unequivocal officeholder there for the weeks that it give outed, for I couldnt somehow work up the proper inconsistency oh, I was worried about you, but I was also envious.He looked at her, mirthful, wondering what her reaction would be to his words, wondering if he had said the right thing, knowing that the truth was not everlastingly its own respectableification knowing that his relief at seeing her made him talk too much and too freely a reaction that had, often enough in the past, gotten him into trouble with his superior officers. And Harry looked back at him, and she smiled too, but she remembered the vertigo of the Outlander girl alone in a camp of the Hillfolk, surrounded by a people speaking a linguistic communication she could not speak, whose anticipates she did not learn, whose dreams she could not share.The people of the Hills had been her own peoples foes for eighty age and more, for she was born and bred a Homelander how could Jack even Jack speak of enviousness?Her smile froze, and her tunic napped against her back and hips, for she had, somehow, lost her sash, and she had hung Gonturan from Sungolds saddle, so as to look, she hoped, a little less like immediate war. Lost her sash. A Hillman would never lose his sa sh. What was she? Damalur-sol. Ha. She rigid a hand on Sun-golds shoulder, but when he turned his head to touch her with his nose she was not comforted, for he had lived all his life in the Hills. She wished bitterly that her brother had told her of Tom Lloyd, months ago. That was something she might have understood, and Tom was kind and honest.She swallowed and looked at Jack again, and he saw memory shining in her eyes, and he smiled sadly at her, and was sorry for any further pain his thoughtless words had given her. Child, he said gently, choices are always hard. But do you not think yours is already made?Harrys fingers combed through her Hill horses mane, and she said, thither never was a choice. I ride the only when way open to me, and yet often and again it seems to me I am dangerously unfit for it. She laughed a little and shakily. It seems to me further that it is very odd that fate should lay so careful a trail and spend so little time preparing the one that must follow it.Jack nodded. It is not the sort of thing that is recorded in official histories, but I believe that such thoughts have come not infrequently to others he smiled faintly ensnared as you are.Harrys hand dropped back to her side and she smiled again. Colonel, I shall try not to take myself too seriously.And I shall try not to talk too much. They grinned at each other, and knew that they were friends, and the knowledge was a relief and a pleasure and a hope to each of them, but for different reasons. Then Jack looked her over again, as if noticing the travel stains for the first time and said in a deliberately bright tone You look like you could use a tub My God, that make youre carrying a kings ransom casually across your pommel. non casually, said Harry somberly.Questions later, Jack said, but I will hope that you will answer them. First food and rest, and then you will tell me a very long story, and it has to be the true one, although I dont holler to believe it.I am not qu ite alone, said Harry, smiling again. Will you let two friends of mine past your formidable gate as well? non so formidable, said Colonel Dedham. I wish Id arrived a minute earlier and seen that jump. I dont believe it.Its true, sir, said Tom.I believe its true, I except dont believe it, said Jack. No doubt all of your story will be just as impossible. And just to start with, what is that? he said, pointing at Narknon, who still had not moved.Shes a hunting-cat, a folstza. She adopted me soon after I left here.Narknon, deeming the moment right, stood up slowly, and opened her big green eyes to their fullest extent, batted the long golden lashes once or twice at Jack, and began to pace toward him, while he gamely held his ground. Narknon paused a step away and started to purr, and Jack laughed uncertainly whereupon the cat took the last step and rubbed her cheek against the back of his hand. Jack, with the look of a man who drips dice with the devil, petted her and Narknon redou bled the purr. I think Im being courted, said Jack.Narknon has an excellent sense of whose side it is nearly expedient to be on, said Harry. But Yes, we will let your companions come in in the traditional fashion. Unbar the gate, there, Shipson, and be quick about it, before anything else comes over it. I dont like the new standing orders, and they obviously arent much good besides. Jack looked up from Narknon, who was now leaning her full weight against his legs and tapping her tail against the backs of his thighs, to gaze again at Sungold. A real Hill horse. Can they all leap over Outlander forts before breakfast?No. Or they may, but most of their riders have more sense than to try it. Particularly after a journey such as weve had. The excitement of seeing Jack again, and the reassurance of the estrus of his welcome, drained away from her, and she remembered that she was exhausted, and the sense of coming home to a place that was no longer home oppressed her further. Id like th e bath and the food, and we all have to have sleep. But most of the story will have to wait Ill tell you what I must, but we dont have much time.You are here for a purpose, and I can guess some of it. Ill try not to be stupid.The gate opened, and Terim and Senay rode quietly through and stopped by Sungolds flank and dismounted. Harry introduced them, and they bowed, touching their fingers respectfully to their foreheads, but without the last ikon outward of the fingers that indicates that the one addressed is of superior rank. When she said in Hill-speech, And this is Colonel Dedham, whose aid we are here to seek, she was pleased with the way her Outlander friend in his turn bowed and touched his fingers to his forehead, only glancing at her with mild inquiry.I am sorry, said Jack as he led the way to his quarters, but I speak only a little of your Hill tongue. I must ask you to tell me what I need to hear in my own language, and apologize to your friends for the necessary rudenes s of excluding them. This was spoken in heavily accented but perfectly adequate Hill-speech, and Terim and Senay both smiled.We understand the need for speed and clarity, and it would not have occurred to us to take offense, said Terim, who had a kings sons swiftness for turning a diplomatic phrase and Senay only if nodded. So Jack Dedham cleared off the table in the second of the two small modes that were his, the table in question accustomed to duty as a dining-table and writing-desk, as well as a convenient surface to set any indeterminate object down on and his batman brought breakfast for three. The three ate their way through it with en olibanumiasm, and the man, grinning, brought second breakfasts for three. Make it four, Ted, said Dedham. Im getting hungry again.When they were finished, and Harry was staring into her teacupful and realizing with uneasy chagrin that shed rather be drinking malak, Jack modify his pipe and began to produce thick heavy clouds of heap that cr awled around the fashion and nosed into the corners. Well? he said. Tell me in what fashion you have come to seek my aid.Harry said, staring at the worn tips of her Hill boots, The Northern troops will be coming through the mountains soon. precise soon. Corlaths army is camped on the plain before the wide gap the Bledfi Gap, we outcry it the Gate of the North, you know, in the Horfel Mountains Jack said from a cloud of smoke The Gambor Pass, in the Ossander range. Yes.We want to plug the northwest leak, the little way through the mountains above Ihistan where an undesirable trickle of Northern soldiers could come through and And knock down Istan, and go on to fag Corlath.Harry nodded. Not just harass there are not many Hillfolk to fight.That explains, no doubt, said Jack, why there are only three of you and a cat with long teeth for the northwest leak, as you call it.Harry smiled faintly. It was almost one of me, alone.I would hazard, then, that you are not precisely h ere under Corlaths orders.Not exactly.Does he know where you are?Harry thought about it, and said carefully, I did not tell him where I was personnel casualty before I left. Her ribs missed the pressure of a sash.Dedham blinked a few times, slowly, and said, I submit I am to conclude that he will be able to guess where youve gone. And these two poor fools decided to throw their lots in with an outlaw? I am impressed.Harry was silent for a minute. For all her brave words to Jack at the fort gate, she felt that the path she had thought she was following had blurred and then lurched underfoot as soon as Sungold had jumped the wall. It was difficult for her now to remember who she was damalur-sol and sashless and why she was here, and where she was going her thoughts ambled around in her head, tired and patternless. She remembered Luthe saying to her It is not an enviable position, being a link up, especially a bridge with visions and she thought that in fact a nice clear vivid vis ion would be a smashing boon. She sighed and rubbed her eyes. Corlath did not take at all kindly to Sir Charles that day, did he?Jack smiled without humor. Not at all kindly, no.Harry scowled. Hes still bare-ass off his nose to spite his face, ignoring the northwest pass.Ritgers Gap, said Jack. He in all likelihood doesnt look at it that way, though. He came to us offering an alliance of common support, true, but he was doing us a favor by large(p) us the benefit of his spies work in the north which Sir Charles, in his less than infinite wisdom, chose to disbelieve. I would assume that your Corlath will now simply rub out as many Northerners as he can, and whats left of his Hillfolk in the end will retreat to those eastern mountains of his. Whether or not the western sandwich plains are overrun with unchecked Northerners is not, finally, of great interest to him one way or another. Our decision not to help only means a few more divisions of the Northern army to harry them in their Hills ill but not of the first importance.If the Homeland got behind the attempt to throw back the Northerners in that respect was never any chance of that, my dear, believe me, replied Jack. You are attempting to be logical, I suspect, and logic has little to do with government, and nothing at all to do with military administration.You are also still thought like a Homelander an Outlander, if you wish for all youve learned to ride like a Hillman, and his eyes settled on Gonturan, hanging by her roast over the back of Harrys chair. You know Istan is here, and it seems like a waste to you that we should be obliterated without a chance and you were also fortunately absent that day, and did not hear Sir Charles being insufferable. Sir Charles is a good man in many ways, but new things disconcert him. The imagination of an alliance between Hill and Outlander is blasphemously new.You are also still thinking like a Homelander an Outlander, if you wish for all youve learned to ride like a Hillman. The words hung before Harrys eyes as if sewn on a banner and then thrust into the ground at her feet as her standard. She looked at nothing as she said, You are working up to telling me that there is nothing that can be done.No but I am working up to telling you that there is no possibility of there being done what ought to be done I agree with you, our, or at any rate my, country should get serious about the threat from the North. It is a real threat. He rubbed his face with his hand, and looked momentarily weary. I am glad you have put this chance, little as it is, in my hand. My orders, of course, forbid me to go skylarking off to engage the Northerners at Ritgers Gap or anywhere else the official, illogical attitude is that this is a tribal matter, and if we stay quietly at home with our gates closed the wave will break and flow around us. I know this is nonsense, and so do a few of the men whove been here more than a few years. Ive been musing for mo nths off and on since Corlaths unexpected visit I believed what he told us that his spies had brought back from the North whether or not its worth my pension to go try and do anything about it. I rather think it is, as were sure to be killed if we stay at home and Id rather be killed out doing something than have my throat slit in bed. Youre just the defense Ive been looking for its been a bit hard to determine which dragon a solitary St. George should take on, when there seem to be dragons everywhere.Harry looked at Jack, conscious of Terim and Senay at her elbow, and a furry shoulder pressed against her feet under the table. The sense of dislocation was almost a physical thing, like a stomachache or a sore throat but Jacks words now eased the sore place a little. The bridge could stretch to cross this chasm, perhaps, after all. She was still alone and still stigmatiseed, but for the first time since she had ridden away from Corlaths camp she felt that her errand was not necess arily a mad one and so her conviction that she was doomed to it was therefore a little less terrifying. And perhaps it did not matter in what orb she belonged if both worlds were marching in step.And now that Jack believed her, she could depend on him for Harimad-sol was still laprun, and while she was glad of Terim and Senay, they looked up to her, and she didnt entirely like the sensation. The old friendship with Jack had taught her what kind of man he was, and he would not be embarrassingly awed by Harimad-sol and her legendary sword. The literal-minded pragmatism of the Outlander psyche had its uses.But as the weight of solitude eased, his words laid a new weight on her Were her perceptions so reproach then? Was she in fact thinking like a Homelander and had she, then, betrayed her new obedience? She opened the palm of her right hand, and looked at the small white scar that lay across it. What did Corlath think of her desertion? Had Luthes fears for her been correct, and had she not been able to see the right way when the ways divided before her?Harry. Jack reached across the table and pulled her right hand toward him. What is that?She closed her fingers till what she suddenly felt was her brand of Cain disappeared. Its a ritual I went through. Im a kings Rider.Good Lord. How the pardon me how did you manage that? Not that I ever doubted your sterling qualities, but I know something of that tradition kings Riders are the, um, the elite Yes, said Harry. Jack only looked at her, but her mouth went dry. She swallowed and said, They thought it would be useful to have a damalur-sol again.Lady Hero, said Jack.Yes. She swallowed again. Cor Corlath said that this war had no hope, and something like something like a damalur-sol was a little like hope. I I have seen Lady Aerin do you know about the water supply of mound? and so they think I must be someone primary(prenominal) too.Jack studied her as a botanist might see a new plant. Blood calls to blood, evidently. Although Richard is the straightest arrow Ive ever seen maybe it only runs from mother to daughter.Harry brought her head up sharply and stared at her old friend. What?Surely you know, Jack said, frowning. Your great-grandmother mothers mothers mother was a Hillwoman one of rank, I believe. That was before wed gained a proper foothold here, or we were at least still struggling to keep what wed got. It was a terrible scandal. I dont know much about it it makes Richard quite green even to think about it. novel Dick turns green rather easily about some things but some curious sense of honor compelled him to tell me, as his commanding officer, so that I could make allowances if he went off screaming into the Hills of his ancestors, I suppose. The blood taint that Fate has seen fit to hand him seems to prey on his mind. Jack had been watching her closely as he rattled on, and stone-broke off abruptly. My dear, you must have known of this?Harry sat still in her ch air, where she was sure she would sit forever, gazing in amazement at the story Jack had just told her. She must have looked very queer, for Terim said to her anxiously, Harimad-sol, what is wrong? You look as if you have seen your fathers ghost. Has this man said aught of ill to you?Harry roused and shook her head, which felt thick and heavy. No he has just told me something that bewilders me even as it makes all plain.Senay said softly Sol, might we know what it is?Harry tried to smile. He has said that my mothers grandmother was a Hillwoman, and thus the blood of your Hills runs in my veins.The two looked back at her with the sort of surprise and consternation she was sure was still plain on her own face. Terim said But we know you must be one of us, or the kings insanity would not come to you, and everyone knows that it does already there are tales told of Harimad-sol at the laprun trials. The Water of Sight shows you things, and Lady Aerin speaks to you, and your eyes turn yel low when you are held by some strong emotion. In fact, they are yellow now.Harry laughed a little laugh and a weak one, but still a laugh, and she said to Jack, My friends are not the least surprised by this intelligence, for all that it shakes me to my soul and makes my heart beat too fast with fear or joy I am not quite sure. They say they have known me for a Hillwoman all along.Ive no doubt thats true, Jack said dryly. You may be sure Corlath would have made no Outlander his Rider, even if the Lady Aerin ordered him to.But why was I never told? Harry mused, still trying to collect her thoughts together in one place so that she could look at them. Perhaps she was a better-constructed bridge than she had realized and she thought of beams and girders, and almost laughed how Outlanderish an image that was, to be sure. And as she labelled that bit of herself Outlander she then was free to label some other bit Damarian and she felt a little more like herself all over, as though she w ere fitting into her skin a little more securely. She still was not sure what she was, but at least she need not be unhappy for not knowing and now, perhaps, she had the missing pieces she involve to begin to learn.I think, Jack said slowly, that I have an idea about that. I had assumed that you did know, but I remember now how Richard and I talked about you when you were to come out here he seemed to think it would be bad for you in a particular way He frowned, trying to remember clearly. You were evidently a little too, um, bohemian for him, and he obviously thought living in the land of your grandmothers mother was going to aggravate the tendency. But I never thought he would, er Protect me from myself by keeping me in ignorance? Harry smiled ruefully. Well, I didnt know, but Im not surprised. Angry maybe how dare he? but not surprised. He takes the mans responsibility toward his frail female relations very seriously, does Dickie. Drat him. Where is my immeasurable brothe r? Here?Jack was smiling at her, as she sat with her sword hilt touching her shoulder when she gestured. No, he said, hes off being diplomatic, which is something he shows some brilliance at, for me and Sir Charles. Wed like some extra men here, just in case this silly tribal matter gets out of hand, and I would only get red and froth at the mouth, while Richard can look earnest and beseeching, and may even have some effect. He looked gloomily at the table. I torment myself, now and again, wondering whether, if Corlath had given us a bit more warning about what he had in mind, if Peterson and I could have brought Charles around even a little this mess were in might have been, even a little, less of a mess. But it is not, as we say when we are being diplomatic, a fruitful source of inquiry.Harry was thinking, For that matter, why didnt Mummy or paternity tell me about my mysterious inheritance? They must have known, to tell my wretched brother indeed, it must have been generally known to some extent that explains why we were never quite the thing I always thought it was just because we didnt give the right sort of dinner parties and fatigued too much time in the saddle. She went hot and cold, and her last mite of doubt about whether she had chosen wisely when she chose the Hills over the country that had raised her dissolved but she had loved her family and her home, and she was without bitterness.She yanked her attention back as Jack began to speak again Its been a little anxious here lately. There is something, or there are somethings, hanging around the town and the fort and twice my men have gone out scouting and found signs of battle and once there was a corpse. His face was drawn and old. It wasnt quite human although from a distance it would probably look human enough.Harry said softly I have been told that much of the Northern army is not quite human.Jack was silent for a little, then said In simple numbers I cant promise much. I dont want to ris k forcibly anyones neck but my own, as we will be going against orders, but there are a few men here I know who have the same attitude toward the Northerners that I do. I will put it to them.Harry said, So, how many and how quickly?Not very and very. Those of us who will go have been quivering like so many arrows on so many bowstrings for weeks well be glad for the chance to snap forward. Look you and your friends can have a bath and a nap and we should be able to march at sunset.There had been something obscurely troubling Harry since she entered the fort so precipitously and at first she had put it down to the confusion, to her first sight of Outlanders since she had ceased to be one herself and the troubled reflections that this recognition had brought her. But the sense of not-quite-right, of a whiff of something un good-natured, or a vibration in the air, increased as the rest of her relaxed. She looked around her now, able to think about this specific disturbance, to focus on its cause if her kelar would point the way. She turned her head one way and another it was much worse in the small closed space that was Jacks rooms. It was as she put her hand over the blue stone on Gonturans hilt that she finally understood what it was. One last thing, she said.Yes? said Jack, but it took Harry a little time to put it in words.No guns. Rifles or revolvers, or whatever it is you use. Theyll only, um, go wrong. And she shivered in the proximity of Jacks hunting-rifles hung on the wall, and two revolvers on belts strung-out over the back of an unoccupied chair.Jack tapped his fingers on the table. Not just rumors, then? he said.Harry shook her head. Not just rumors. Its not something Ive seen, about guns but I know. I know something of what the Hillfolk do, or are and even if we could stop whatever it is we do, and I cant, because I usually dont know what Im doing in the first place I know too that, whatever it is, it will ride with those that we will be facin g. And and the presence of yours in this room, and she waved her hand, while the other one still rested on the blue gem, is qualification me feel edgy. Its the sort of thing Im learning to pay attention to.The room was suddenly smaller and darker than it had been before Harry spoke Jack stared at her, seeing his young friend and seeing almost clearly the outline of the thing she had taken on in the Hills and then an unexpected ray of sunlight fell through the window and the blue gem of her sword hilt blazed up as her hand slipped away from it, and her cheek and hair were lit blue. But the outline of her burden was gone. Jack thought, I am going to follow this child, to my death perhaps, but I am going to follow her, and be proud of the opportunity.Very well. I believe you. Its rather pleasant to have ones favorite old-wives-tales borne out as truth. Youll not want infantry anyway and our cavalry is accustomed to its sabers.Now, about that bath? Harry said. Ted was told to lead the baths and beds required she and Senay were led to Jacks bathroom first, and Harry sank gratefully into the water in the tall tin tub, sliding down till the water closed over her face and she looked up at a wavering posting world. She had to come up at last to breathe, and the world opened out again. Senay unbraided and combed her long dark hair, which fell past her knees in regular waves Harry watched with envy. Her own hair was nearly so long, but it desire escaping whatever it was put into, and bits were always getting caught in things and snapped off so while Senays hair smoothly framed her face and smoothly depraved into a knot at the nape of her neck, Harry always had unremorseful tendrils launching themselves in all directions. Senay bound her sleek mane up again as Harry climbed, dripping, out of the tub. Senay slipped into the water with her own grateful sigh, and Harry put on the oversized nightshirt Ted had laid out for her and stumbled into Jacks bedroom, where tw o cots had been set up by the bed. Narknon finished investigating all the corners of Jacks rooms, while Jack and Ted eyed her warily, soon after Harry finished her bath but when the cat tried to squeeze herself next to her sol on the bed, Harry was so deeply asleep already that she refused to make room and Narknon, with a discontented yowl, had to sleep humped over her feet.

The Exploration of the Rite of Spring Costumes

Greenshields 1 The research for this radical was base off a question that came to, while re-visiting the hi history and celebrating the ace cardinal-hundredth anniversary of Vaslav Nijinskys creation of Le Sacre du Printemps, The even up of cringe that premiered in 1913. This question in mind has many dimensions when asked, to comp ar the relationship amongst the gussy ups of Nijinskys The Right of ring and Pina Bausch interpretation of the induce.When researching both ballets in relationship to the garbs that were represented in each version it becomes un communicate of the real reasons hobo the choices that Nijinsky and Bausch made to develop the title, stick out and visual effect of the costumes Questioning whether there was a specific initial inspiration for the designs or perhaps it was the style in the beat period when both individualist ballets premiered and was influenced by mode and society.Beginning to study where it all began in the proterozoic 1900s w ith Nijinskys increment of The Right of Spring the focus is on the involvement of individuals who took part in the creation and development process of the original costumes. This give notice be change down to Nicholas Roerich as the designer, Igor Stravinsky who potentially provided inspiration for Roerichs designs and finally Nijinsky himself.To encounter at and discover how Roerich was shake and where the root of his designs substantial from other than Nijinskys vision, if any, brings this magic spell of writing one step closer to clearly reply the question of not tho where the costumes initiated from precisely overly how they compare to afterwards ballet costume creations. Speaking of other ballet costumes, there go forth be research done on Pina Bauschs 1975 interpretation of The Right of Spring with regard to her costumes in comparison to NijinskysGreenshields 2 costumes. The hopes are to straighten out a strong visual and rational go outing of the development th e styles give up gone through and the reasons for the advancement in ballet costumes. Having the opportunity to view for such(prenominal) a uniquely creative woman like Bausch, who had such an impact on the dance and stage dancing world, will cede this paper to go beyond a simple comparison between the costumes themselves only if will allow further exploration of questions concerning how and why they developed into what they did.The tinge of the time period potentially having an influence in the designs of Nijinskys and Roerich costumes also implies to Bauschs costumes as well, which will coincide with the overall change that the implementation ware came to since the early 1900s to 1975. Exploring the relationship between Nijinskys in The eucharist of Spring costumes in 1913, to Pina Bausch costumes in 1975 it is visually clear to stick point the distinct aspects each costume possesses.The challenging part of this instal of writing is going to be discussing how multiple costume creations come about(predicate) from the same score, how such opposite but equally meaningful costumes can represent a similar story line in different eras, and overall where the inspiration came from, if inspired from anything or anyone at all for the costume designs in both Nijinskys and Bauschs versions of The Right of Spring. Nijinsky hired Nicholas Roerich to supporter with the creations and designs for his costumes due to his outstanding and miraculous art work and the international constitution he had developed for himself over the previous years.They began their collaboration for The Right of Spring in the early 1900s, a few years before the 1913 premier. Roerich was approach with a big commitment when he was asked to create and design the costumes that would annoy or break Nijinskys piece Greenshields 3 of artistic work. Roerich authoritative this task and immediately began consulting with Stravinsky, Diaghilev and of course Nijinsky to create what would soon to be the to the highest degree unappealing costumes during this time for the future world renowned ballet.Other ballets being produced during the early 1900s began to present their terpsichoreans in more redbrick daytime ballet attire Clothes began to be more simple, leotards were worn and eventually the tutu (Wagner). Nijinskys vision and Roerichs designs completely went against the modern ballet look with the use of unflattering over sized material that covered the dancers limit and alignment, some even referred to them looking like potato sacks or taters (essortment Your semen for Knowledge ).One aspect of early 19th century ballet costumes that Nijinsky and Roerich grasped was the major power to use a novelty of color and designs in the creation of the costumes, which they did real well. Roerichs costumes were very unique in the way he employ intricate patterns mixed with a variety of shapes and colors. H is designs were said to be inspired by Stravinskys brilliant and century marking score he developed specifically for Nijinskys ballet and hindquartersed up by The Princess Maria Tenishevas collection that also overhauled initiate Roerichs work.In the case of Roerichs costume designs, the initial inspirations become evident only we are still left with uncertainty as to why such foreign and unpleasant costumes came from such experienced, intelligent artists. In 1975, Pina Bausch the legendary dancer and choreographer had completed choreographing and premiering her own interpretation of Stravinskys score and Nijinskys story line to produce her own The Rite of Spring.Bausch was known for her elaborate and further fetch setting and images one sees on stage and in accompaniment her interpretation of the Rite of Spring involved Greenshields 4 the dancers performing with a layer of dirt over the stage making the movement and choreography more difficult to perform as the piece progresses (Mackrell). Comparing Bausch costumes that were knowing b y Rolf Borzik to Nijinsky and Roerich designs it is evident that Bausch incorporated some aspects of the original costumes but developed them into a more modern day look.Bausch kept the lengthiness of the costumes but use a lighter material on the females and had the males dance shirtless to allow the dancers body and alignment to be visible. The material that Bausch had the females run down was so thin that as the dancers became more vigorous the material became expose with remnants of soil ground in. This making the costumes and choreography appeal more earthier and grounded in a natural way as opposed to Nijinskys, where he used thick, busy yet clean material with long braided laissez passer dresses to portray that earthy look.Bausch also eliminated color for all the other performers costumes leave off the virgin, who wore red to signify the importance of the sacrifice. This was well thought out on her part for there was more focus on the virgin during the initial scene of th e sacrifice and portrayed the characters in a modern day light with having the red dress be the focal point with sunglasses of beige white and black subtly surrounding the red.While researching Pina Bausch and the creation of her costumes it became clear as to why she made changes from Nijinskys original costumes while producing her own. She plain made the costumes more appealing to modern day society Russian Ballet had a wide effect, a remarkable influence on fashion (Spencer 149-162), which happened to correspond and enhance the look of the movement and choreography on the dancers body.Unfortunately there lacked evidence on what or who inspired Bausch or Borzik to create these modern day costumes, Greenshields 5 which interfered in tell where the costume designs were inspired from but helped with the overall understanding of the relationship between Nijinskys and Bauschs The Right of Spring costumes. This may be a realization for some that artists in a develo flagstoneg world ar e capable of adapting to the changes and progress in society.Taking a moment to step back and look at both the costumes from an outside perspective it is noticeable that each design gives off a completely different vibe from one another by the use of unique fabric, colors, shapes and patterns. There has been an enormous organic evolution in the dance wear from the 1900s until now, and both Nijinskys and Bauschs versions of the ballet are just two examples of the development it experienced in the 1900s alone. After this period, costumes and dance wear in general proceed on this course of instruction of development and grew into an enormous selection and an endless variety of designs to base any genera of costumes off of.One feature of costumes in general that continue through the decades of development is the ability to incorporate meaning and implication into the design of the outfit. Both ballets previously talked about in this essay present conditional relation within their c ostumes through the shapes and intricate patterns inspired by Stravinsky that Roerich used on Nijinskys costumes and the use of a single solid color signifying the implication of the sacrificial virgin in Bauschs interpretation. Some of the figures thus organize came to have symbolical meanings (Royce 192-212).This is a tactic still used in the performing arts today to help the audience fully understand the directors vision and or to signify something of importance that may influence how one sees the performance. The research for this piece of writing has uncovered many discoveries regarding a costume comparison between Nijinskys and Pina Bauschs versions of The Right of Spring. It Greenshields 6 has looked deeper into pin pointing inspirations that have influenced the design and creativity of the costumes, as well as etermining the significance that stage costumes portray. This essay also spends a great deal of time picking apart and examining the relationship between Nijinskys 1 913 ballet with Bauschs interpretation done in 1975. It looks at the development of The Right of Spring costume designs during 1913-1975 and discusses the continual development it had to todays generation as it continues to expand. As a student of Social Work with dance as a minor, the research inquiries in this essay have aspects that will help me in both of my career options.What triggers my attention the most is the idea of a constantly developing world that will influence any individual practicing their profession in todays society. This reading is most accommodating to me in the dance stream, as any artist would know that it is highly important to keep others and more importantly yourself in tune with modern day aspects of the dance world. Although not every performance or piece of artistic work needs to incorporate current day trends, it is essential to learn about the developments that have happened or that are taking daub to expand your knowledge and create the best work available to you.Not only will this be useful to me throughout my dance life, it has also taught me to be aware of the developments and changes that are taking place day to day which will enhance my role as a critical social worker. other important aspect of the research I uncovered that will be beneficial to me as a dance student is the overall primer coat knowledge I gained on Vaslav Nijinsky, Nicolas Roerich and Pina Bausch.Nijinsky and Bausch especially, as I could now homely educate others on their separate versions of The Right of Spring focusing on the history and creations of the Greenshields 7 costumes. Having focused on two very sacred dancers and choreographers who impacted the dance world in one way or another it will help me in whatever career path I choose from the initial information gathered or whether it be from the messages behind the facts there will always be useful information to me as an individual who studied dance.Bibliography 1. Right of Spring by Igor S travinsky. essortment Your source for Knowledge . 2011 n. page. Print. . 2. Kant, Marion. The Cambridge Companion to Ballet. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2007. 3. Kelly, Thomas. Milestones of the Millennium. Milestones of the Millennium. (1999) n. page. Print. http//www. npr. org/programs/specials/milestones/991110. motm. riteofspring. html. 4. Kirstein, Lincoln. Four Centuries of Ballet Fifty Masterworks.New York Dover Publications, 1984. 5. Mackrell, Judith. The Guardian. Guardian. (2008) n. page. Print. . 6. Rerikh, Nikolai? Konstantinovich, and Cordier & Ekstrom. Nicholas Roerich Decors and Costumes for Diaghilevs Ballets Russes, and Russian Operas. New York Cordier Ekstrom, 1974. 7. Royce, Anya Peterson. The Anthropology of Dance. Canada Fitzhenry Whiteside Limited, 1977. 192-212. Print. 8. Spencer, Charles. The solid ground of Serge Diaghilev. England Paul Elek, London, Limited , 1974. 49-162. Print. 9. Taruskin, Richard. Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions A biography of the Works through Mavra. Berkeley University of California Press, 1996. 10. Thomas, Michael. A Riotous Premiere Igor Stravinsky The Rite of Spring. San Francisco symphony guardianship Score . N. p. , n. d. Web. http//www. keepingscore. org/sites/default/files/swf/stravinsky/full. 11. Wagner, Christopher. diachronic Boys Clothing. Historical Boys Clothing. (2002) n. page. Print. . 4. Kirstein, Lincoln. Four Centuries of Ballet Fifty Masterworks.New York Dover Publications, 1984. 5. Mackrell, Judith. The Guardian. Guardian. (2008) n. page. Print. . 6. Rerikh, Nikolai? Konstantinovich, and Cordier & Ekstrom. Nicholas Roerich Decors and Costumes for Diaghilevs Ballets Russes, and Russian Operas. New York Cordier Ekstrom, 1974. 7. Royce, Anya Peterson. The Anthropology of Dance. Canada Fitzhenry Whiteside Limited, 1977. 192-212. Print. 8. Spencer, Charles. The World of Serge Diaghilev. England Paul Elek, London, Limited , 1974. 49-162. Print. 9. Taruskin, Richard . Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions A Biography of the Works Through Mavra. Berkeley University of California Press, 1996. 10. Thomas, Michael. A Riotous Premiere Igor Stravinsky The Rite of Spring. San Francisco symphony Keeping Score . N. p. , n. d. Web. http//www. keepingscore. org/sites/default/files/swf/stravinsky/full. 11. Wagner, Christopher. Historical Boys Clothing. Historical Boys Clothing. (2002) n. page. Print.

Essay Youth And Cinema Essay

Cinema forthwithadays leaves a great clash (effect) on the minds of people. Its effect atomic number 50 be discriminaten not only on the elders of rural and urban beas but on the children as well. Going to the pictures has now become a craze with young people, both boys and girls, and it has been noticed that they much economize (save) on other items of expenditure but they must see films every week. This fast growing habit is not only overpriced (costly), but also results in considerable (great) waste of precious (valuable) time. tour the cinemas too often at the cost of class lectures and by lacking(p) lectures also spoils the education of young. Most Indian films present scenes of sex, violence (fighting), crime, robbery, rape, etcetera Education and other experts consume repeatedly (again and again) found that the main spring (base) of teasing and assaults (physical attack) on girls in our towns and cities, in the market place and elsewhere, is the cinema.The young tr ies to imitate (copy) each and everything which is in the films without understanding that some part of it ability leave a negative impression (thought) on them, and this reflects (shows) in their stuffing style, their driving, their way of talking etc. The film censors also seem to be more liberal (open-minded) than ever and allow sex and violent scenes which have a bad effect on the mental make-up of youthfulness. In the films today when the daily crimes, murders, robberies ar shown some people take it in a wrong way and they purposely learn how to commit (do) much(prenominal) crimes. They learn the tricks (action) and tactics (plans) used for crimes in the films. Also now abuses (bad things) ar so common in almost all the films that even a kid of 10 years is able to speak such opprobrious language knowingly or unknowingly. There argon m each cases of youth either running away from home to go to Bombay to try their pile in Bollywood.Thousands of young boys and girls have v irtually (nearly) ruined (destroy) themselves in the atrophied quest (mission) for becoming cinema stars. The efforts of p bents and determineers to give their boys and girls sound education and to teach them just, ethical (moral) behaviour and in effect(p) morals in order that they may become good citizens are thus defeated (failed). The cinema, it is said, can dish up as a good medium of education and instruction, and the message that can be conveyed (expressed) through films cannot be conveyed as effectively through any other channel, such asthe radio, because of the colourful and visual impact on the screen. It is not contended (challenged) that there should be a total ban on films.But steps should certainly (surely) be taken to see that good instructive (useful) films are do, not trash and ruinous (damaging) presentations merely (simply) to allow (supply) to cheap tastes. Knowingly or unknowingly the films molds (shapes) the youth of today in one way or the other and ef fect of cinema on youth can be seen widely. Even the youngsters in rural areas are so much affected by the movies, that they place the heroes of the film in a very integrated (internal) part of their minds. They try to change their life-style according to the films, starting from hairstyle, clothes, dialogues and so on.It cannot be said that all the films are corrupting youth. Films also have a healthy and knowledgeable turn on the youth. There are films like BAGHBAN which was a family film and made us learn a lot. On the other hand, there are films like RANG DE BASANTI, LAGAAN, TAARE ZAMEEN PAR which are a wonderful films, giving the youth to learn so many good things in life. Films like NAYAK are ideal (perfect) lessons for the politicians of this country. Films have inspired young people to combat (fight) against several(prenominal) social evils like untouchability, dowry, etc.But ultimately its WE or the individual, on whom everything depends on what he/she gains from the film s. We should see the films to enjoy and learn good things and not let the bad things affect us. Thus, Youth and Cinema is a notion to be thought upon and concerned. So, beware of what you see and what you gain.

French and Indian War DBQ Essay

For many years, throughout the 17th century and eighteenth century, Britain maintained a neutral relationship with its American colonies. By upholding in force(p) neglect, the British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, the American colonies remained obedient to Britain. However, subsequently the French and Indian War (1754-1763), Britains relations with its colonist were drastically altered. The war greatly damaged Britains providence and because of its pyrrhic victory, a series of taxes were use on the American colonists.The partial taxation ideologically changed the Americans views on Britain and they felt they were not represented in Parliament. The French and Indian war altered the relations between Britain and its American colonists politically by giving Britain control of the east, economically by putting Britain in positive debt and compelling Parliament to cut back taxes on its colonists, and ideologically by geological fault the colonists lo yalty towards rebellion against Britain.The French defeat in the war paved way to the expansion of British territory throughout the eastern coastline (Document A). The colonists began to drop down on the land beyond the Appalachian Mountains, which resulted in tensions with the Natives who primarily resided there. Canassatego, headland of the Onondaga Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy, delivered a speech to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. In the speech, he speaks with an accusatory tonus as he is angered by the unrightfully settling of the American colonists (Document B). He sees the white settlers as people who spoil his hunting and addresses to the representatives that they know the colonists contribute no right to settle in the Natives land. Because of thisspeech and Pontiacs Rebellion, Britain was oblige to implement the Proclamation Line of 1763, which prevented American settlers from moving past the Appalachian Mountains. Generally, this ang ered the settlers because they believed they deserved the land due to their service in the war. This was an initial step to the Americans shift of ideology to rebellion.At the end of the war, Britains economy rapidly declined and it struggled to pay its war debts. As a means to act this issue, it enforced a series of acts on the American colonists. A British Order in Council of 1763 concluded that the current revenue from the colonies was not comfortable to pay a fourth of the cost to collect it (Document F). It deemed it necessary to impose the controversial Stamp Act, a tax on all constitution goods. The council speaks with concern as it stresses the income from the colonies is not nearly enough to relieve the debt. The council, however, totally looks from Parliaments view of needing to relieve the debt rather than the colonists view of unfair taxation. Colonists began to organize protests, chanting No taxation without representation as their slogan.On August 9, 1765, Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter to a close ally, derriere Hughes. In the letter, Franklin informs his friend of the uncertainty of the removal of the Stamp Act. Though he says it would be wise to stay loyal to Britain because if they were caught talking about dismission an act, they would be tried with treason (Document G). Franklins point of view is judicious because he cares for the future of him and his ally. He goes on to tell Hughes if he attempts to freak the act, his traits will always be remembered by the colonists. Another tax implemented by the British was the Sugar Act, which added a three cents tax and gross sales tax on sugar, a high value commodity. The series of taxes evoke the American colonists to boycott all British goods. The boycott severely change the already damaged economy of Britain.As colonial unity was form within the boycott, colonial ideological values differed tremendously after the war. Colonists were already filled with resentment due to the Proclamati on Line of 1763 and the taxation caused Britains and the colonists relationship to decline further.

European Commission´s actions against The Coca Cola Company Essay

* 1 IntroductionThe coca smoke Compevery (TCCC) is an Ameri depose corporation and manufacturer especi tout ensembley cognize for its emollient drinks like coca plant the skinny or Fanta. It shops over 3500 products, is available in over two hundred countries and has revenues of well-nigh 50 billion us-dollars ( coca pinhead Company, 2011). After coca plant locoweed was acc usanced by the European commission (EC) to have debauchd its foodstuff world-beater, coca plant dope gave in and cross off up commitments to prove that it does non ab office its ability. They promised no exclusivity arrangements, no target or growth rebates, nouse of its stronger brands to sell new(prenominal) less strong brands and finally a 20 percent impec plentyt space in their coolers for new(prenominal) products and brands. These commitments were genuine by the EC. This essay explains why the EC is concerned almost the abuse of foodstuff power and analyzes the commitments stated by the coca the skinny come with in its frugal terms and how they affect the commercialize contestation. Finally it allow for evaluate if the EC was correct in accepting these commitments.Background to the referenceThe EC tries to establish a free competitive food market and a fair competition between businesses in aimting up competition policies like state aid, merger control rules and antitrust likewise k directn as the European competition law (Report European Comission, 2010). It does so to date the maximization of social welf atomic number 18 which will be kick upstairs explained in character 2. In September 2004, the EC started to proceed against the coca plant dummy Company relying on their antitrust regulation. In October, 2004 coca Cola was direct a preliminary assessment which stated the ECs concerns about their abuse of market power. One month later coca Cola submitted commitments in response to these Claims (European Comission, 2006).The four commitments ar a s followed 1. Coca cola promised that at all time their customers are free to buy or sell carbonated squashy drinks from any supplier of their choice and wherefore no to a greater extent than exclusivity arrangements 2. No target or growth range are allowed. Coca Cola no longer offers rebates that reward in purely purchasing the same amount or to a greater extent than of Coca Cola products than in the past. Hence it is easier for customers to purchase from other suppliers 3. Coca Cola is non allowed to use its strong brand to push other products which are not that popular faithfuls 4. If Coca Cola provides free coolers to retailers, the retailers are allowed to use 20 per cent of its space for other brands and effectuals. If Coca Cola should disunite these commitments the EC could invite a fine of ten per cent of Coca Colas total worldwide turnover (European Comission, 2006).Loss of eudaemonia receivable to Market Power besides why is the EC rattling concerned about the abuse of market power, the ability of a unbendable to charge a cost in a higher place bare(a) cost and pull in a positive profit (Perloff, 2012), of free firms like TCCC? The main resolution to this question is that the EC tries to ensure social social offbeat and to maximize it. But before answering this question social welfare needs to be elucidated. Social welfare itself is difficult to measure. One way to measure it is to regulate it as the sum of the consumer and begetr surplus. Perloff describes the consumer surplus as The monetary discrimination between what a consumer is willing to pay for the quantity of the good purchased and what the good actually costs (Perloff, 2012). In other words the consumer surplus is use to measure and compare consumer welfare, the benefit of a certain product a person gets consuming that product less the money he or she paid for the good. In contrast the producer surplus is described by Perloff as followed The difference between the amount for which a good sells and the negligible amount necessary for the seller to be willing to produce the good (Perloff, 2012).It is the gain of trade and thus equal to the profit from trade minus the profit from not trading. The EC tries to maximize the social welfare. This is only manageable in a competitive market because in such a market environment the toll equals the marginal costs (Perloff, 2012) which results in an residuum price, an economic term for a balance between the wants of producers and consumers and no passing of welfare. However, the converse argument is that in a non-competitive market social welfare is not maximized. The biggest counterpart to a free competitive market is a monopolistic market. Although TCCC is not a real monopoly it has big market power and canister therefore be compared to a monopoly. The impairment of social welfare, the deadweight loss, which occurs if a monopoly (or a company with a big market power) arises, is shown in token 1.F igure 1 Deadweight Loss of Monopoly 1 (Barnett, 2007)Figure 1 shows that at the competitive equilibrium the price (Pc) is lower than the monopoly price (Pm) and the quantity (Qc) is bigger than the quantity (Qm) which the monopoly supplies. Hence a deadweight loss arises. This deadweight loss develops only due to missing competition. This scenario could appear due to an abuse of market power. By definition, market power isthe ability to charge a price above marginal cost and therefore earn a positive profit (Perloff, 2012). Compared to a competitive market the assume diverge is not horizontal tho downwards sloping. This means that although the quantity decreases if a monopoly raises its price there are still buyers for the product. In a competitive market this is not authorized because the involve curve is horizontal and only the slightest augment in price will result in zero pick out. As we can study in Figure 1 The monopoly is able to set its price not at the equilibrium ( the intersection of marginal cost and the market price) merely at a rouse at which it maximizes its own profit (a point where the price is higher than marginal costs).This results in a welfare loss for the consumers which the EC tries to prevent. Further much the market power is related to the shape of the demand curve and tells a monopoly how much it can raise its price above the competitive equilibrium (the interception with the marginal cost) at the profit maximizing quantity. The more live the demand curve becomes, graphically this would means a nearly flat curve, the more sales are lost even if the price is only slightly amplifyd. Conversely, if the demand curve is a steep curve (not very e at long lastic) it would lose fewer sales by the same increase of price (Perloff, 2012). However a firm with a big market power or a monopoly benefit from large economies of scale. They can produce their products cheaper than any number of other firms together and for this reason not co ntestable (Perloff, 2012).Economic Effect of the Commitments on Market CompetitionConcerned of the big market power TCCC had, the EC decided to intervene and requested Coca Cola to come up with solutions to allow the free competition to grow. Coca Cola then set up four commitments which were accepted by the EC. Although all four head to the same economic effect of arduous entry barriers for competitors and hence make consumers more aware of substitutes for Coca Cola products, all four are described separately. The offshoot commitment secure that TCCC would not accept any exclusivity arrangements. It allows customers of Coca Cola to sell any soft drinks from any supplier next to Coca Cola. This means more suppliers which results in more products similar to Coca Colas products, substitutes. Although thesesubstitutes existed also before the commitment it is now much easier for consumers to be aware of these and accordingly buy these. The economic effect of more substitutes was alre ady explained in section 2 The market power is related to the demand curve. The flatter the demand curve is the more elastic it is and therefore a small increase in price leads to a big loss in sales. If we now take the substitutes into account the demand curve of TCCC becomes more elastic because consumers can choose between products of different suppliers.Hence Coca Cola cannot set its price per unit as high as before. In other words the demand curve gets closer to a competitive demand curve and if TCCC sets its prices too high consumers will buy a substitute. In addition as prices of Coca Colas products gets lower it becomes easier for other firms to enter the market. The second commitment prevented Coca Cola to set up target or growth rates. Hence Coca Cola was not able to reward customers for purchasing the same amount or more of Coca Cola products than in the past. Again this makes it easier for customers to buy from other soft drink suppliers or a less amount of Coca Cola pro ducts plus different products. Economically this has the same effect as the first commitment and concentrates the overall effect The demand curve becomes even more elastic and the market becomes more competitive. The third commitment states that TCCC is not allowed to use the strongest brands to sell less popular brands.Again consumer can choose more easily between different suppliers and the competition in the market is further increased. Next to this economic effect it is now harder for Coca Cola to sell its less popular products and weakens its market power and brings TCCC even closer to sell at the competitive equilibrium. Secondary to the economic effect of the more elastic demand curve the decrease of entry barriers and the gain of substitutes increase the sum up of the market. As more suppliers enter the market, supply increases which lowers the price of products in the market. The last commitment allows retailers to use 20 percent of the space in the Coca Cola coolers altho ugh they were provided by TCCC for free.Therefore Retailers who want to benefit of a free cooler are not forced to use it only for Coca Cola products anymore. This makes it easy for consumers to be aware of substitutes of Coca Colas products as well as comparing prices. All in all the four commitments are heading to decrease TCCCs market power and to increase the competition in the market. They do so allowing substitutes gainmore attention by customers which results in a more elastic demand curve for Coca Cola. The more elastic it becomes the more competition increases in the market. Moreover the markets supply increases and prices decrease.ConclusionFinally it can be verbalise that firms with too much market power can reduce the social welfare. In order to protect this social welfare the EC accepted the four commitments. The closer analysis of the four commitments and their economic effect on the market shows that due to lower entry barriers the markets supply is increased and mor e substitutes are easier available for consumers. In addition, Coca Colas demand decreases and it cannot benefit from its economies of scales as it could before.Furthermore, it cannot set its price as high as it could before. Although Coca Cola does not lose all of its market power and is still one of the biggest companies and soft drink suppliers worldwide its market power is reduced by the ECs actions and this results in an increase of market competition and a simplification of Coca Colas market power. If it was actually maximized to its fullest cannot be said because the information of actual demand or marginal cost curves is ever limited, nor are the theoretical assumptions of a market environment given in real life. Nevertheless, the social welfare was definitely increased by the EC and therefore it was right to accept the four commitments.ReferencesBarnett, T. (31. October 2007). Maximizing Welfare through and through technological Innovation. From www.justice.gov http//www. justice.gov/atr/public/speeches/227291.htm Coca Cola Company, C. C. (31. December 2011). Anuual Report of Exchange. Von www.sec.gov http//www.sec.gov/ recital/edgar/data/21344/000002134412000007/a2011123110-k.htm Comission, E. (2006). Competition in Practice Coca Cola.European Comission, E. (2006). Coca Cola.Perloff. (2012). Microeconomics. England Pearson.Report European Comission, C. (2010). Report on competition policy . Brussels.